All You Want Know About Designing A Column Layout

Placing columns on the floor plan can be difficult. RCC columns should be designed according to the total load of the columns, in addition, it is important that each architect remember certain basic rules to avoid mistakes when determining the approximate location of the columns.

Things To Consider While Placing Column In Floor Plan.

1.  Column size

2.  Minimum steel in column

3.  Column alignment

4.  Distance between two columns

5.  Column orientation

COLUMN SIZE

1)  They are usually placed on a corner or at a certain distance apart from each other.

2)  Column size depends upon the total load on the columns.

3)  The minimum column size should not be less than 200mm x 200mm (8” x 8”)

NOTE: 200mm x 200mm (8” x 8”) is used only for single-story building or when M-20 grade concrete used in structure build

Our suggestion for the safe structure of the building use 200mm x 300mm (8” x 12”) size column with a minimum of M- 20 grade for G+1 story building.

MINIMUM STEEL IN COLUMN

1. 0.8% of the area of cross-section of the column is the minimum reinforcement of a column. The cross-sectional area corresponds to the theoretical area required to resist direct stress.

2. It is best to use a bar with a minimum diameter of 12 in the column, as they are the vertical shear bearing part of any structure.

Minimum numbers bars used in column

Square columns with a minimum of 4 number bars are required.

Circular columns with a minimum of 6 number bars are required.

COLUMN ALIGNMENT & ORIENTATION

1.   Use the gridline to align the columns, which helps to avoid column misplacement and alignment

Effects of improper column alignment

Ø Imbalanced load transfer

Ø Wall construction problems

Ø Beam alignment problem

2.   Column Alignment and orientation will helps to distribute loads evenly

3.   The zigzag alignment of the column is completely incorrect to distribute the loads evenly.

DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO COLUMNS.

1.   Plan the arrangement of the columns layout on a grid.

2.   Keep an equal distance between the two columns

3.   When using a minimum column size of 8 ”x 8” (200mm x 200mm), the distance should not exceed 3.5m from the centre to the centre of the column. If the distance between the two columns is greater than 3.5m, a large column should be designed.

NOTE: The size of the columns increases with two factors:

·       The distance between the two columns - which increases the dimensions of the columns and the depth of the beam

·       Load acts on the column

THE GENERAL SIZE OF THE COLUMN

For Single Story Building

MINIMUM SIZE OF COLUMN

(200mmx200mm) – (8” x 8”),

(250mm x 250mm) – (9” x 9”).

MAXIMUM SIZE OF COLUMN

(200mm-300mm x 3600mm) – (8”-9” x 12”)

For G+1 and G+2

MINIMUM SIZE OF COLUMN

(200mmx200mm) – (8” x 8”),

(250mm x 250mm) – (9” x 9”).

MAXIMUM SIZE OF COLUMN

(200mm-300mm x 3600mm-4800mm) – (8”-9” x 12-16”” )

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